Group vs. Individual Long-Term Disability Policies: Understanding Your Coverage in Ontario
You recently became unable to work. Unsure whether you have group or individual disability coverage, you want to understand the legal and practical differences between the two before taking any action or filing any claim for benefits…
In Canada, don’t government health plans cover medical services?
Canada does have a universal health care system, and all Canadian citizens and permanent residents may apply for coverage. As is true of all provinces and territories, Ontario has its own health plan, which covers medical services, including doctor visits and hospital care.Â
Disability insurance, in contrast, is not provided by the government, but is purchased from insurance companies, either privately (by individuals) or by their employers. The main purpose of all disability insurance is not to cover medical expenses, but to replace a portion of monthly income needed to cover a disabled individual’s basic expenses such as housing and groceries.Â
What’s the Difference Between Group and Individual LTD Policies?
The key difference is portability: whether your coverage follows you when your employment changes.
Group disability insurance
In Ontario, Canada, many companies and professional associations offer short-term and/or long-term group disability insurance or long-term disability to their employees or association members. Group policies provide a benefit intended to replace a percentage of an employee’s monthly income, when that employee is not unable to work due to a major illness, accident, or injury. Depending on the plan, benefits may be guaranteed to last for a prescribed period of time, or even be designed to replace income up to an employee’s age 65. Sometimes the premiums for group disability insurance are paid by the employer; sometimes the premium is deducted from each employee’s paycheck.
Group long-term disability insurance coverage is not “portable”. That means that, if you lose your job or move to a different employer, you’re no longer part of the “group”, and your insurance coverage will end.
Individual long-term disability insurance
Individual policies are purchased by individuals from a long-term disability insurance company. These individual policies are often purchased by the self-employed. Individual long-term disability policies are “portable” and do not automatically terminate when an employee leaves his place of employment.
|
 Feature |
 Group LTD Insurance |
 Individual LTD Insurance |
|
 Who provides  it |
 Employer or professional association |
 Purchased directly by you |
|
 Cost |
 Lower cost (sometimes employer-paid) |
 Higher premiums |
|
 Portability |
 Ends if you leave job or change  employers |
 Portable – coverage continues regardless of  employment |
|
 Custom Options |
 Limited benefits, one-size-fits-all |
 Customizable coverage & features |
|
 Who uses it |
 Employees and association members |
 Self-employed, or workers wanting extra protection |
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Can workers in Canada buy individual disability insurance if they already have group coverage?
Yes, even while covered under a group policy at work, you may have wanted more benefits and features than were available through the group, and decided to add those addition benefits and features by purchasing individual insurance.
Your focus moving forward
 Now that you’ve become unable to do your job, you are no longer eligible to purchase new individual long-term disability insurance. Your focus now must be dealing, directly or indirectly, with one or more insurance companies in order to claim the benefits needed to replace at least some the income you’ve lost.
Psst….Before you start the process of filing a long-term disability claim, there’s one thing you need to realize about long-term disability insurance companies in Canada:
Long term disability insurance providers are in business to make a profit. While they must honor the policy contracts they’ve issued by paying legitimate claims, they are in business, and, as is true of all business owners, their goal is to minimize payouts and increase their own bottom line. As you prepare to file for benefits, you’ll need to navigate your way around certain “traps” designed to invalidate your claim.Â
Your first stop in filing a long-term disability claim under a group policy – your employer’s human resource department.
To file a claim under a group policy, the first step is contacting your employer’s human resources department, notifying them of your intention to file a claim  (Understand that, in addition to your own statement about how your condition is affecting your ability to work, plus all the medical documentation your doctors will be providing, your employer will be submitting to the insurance company its own statement about your work history and your present inability to continue doing the job.)
3 things to verify during your visit with human resources:
During the visit (call, or online conversation) with your employer’s human resource department, be sure to verify three basic clauses or terms contained in your long-term disability insurance plan:
- The elimination period (or waiting period) – the number of days you must have been disabled before benefits begin. Typical elimination periods range from 90 to 180 days.
- Definition of disability – Does the policy define disability as meaning you cannot perform the duties of your own occupation (the work you had been doing and in which you are trained) OR that you cannot perform in “any occupation”? In many group Long-Term Disability policies, “own occupation” defines disability for the first two years; beginning in Year 3, the “any occupation” definition applies.
- Reduction due to “other income sources – Under the policy terms, will your benefits be reduced if you have other income sources (Canada Pension Plan, rental income, spouse’s income)? Does your employer policy require you to apply for CPP benefits?
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As your Ontario disability lawyer Rob Konduros expresses his mission, it’s “Getting to Yes – and Staying there.”
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Do you need to have a legal advisor involved? At what point in the process can it be important to seek help from an Ontario disability lawyer?
Unfortunately, as we know at Hilborn and Konduros, at every step of the process of filing a disability claim in Ontario, denials are all too common. But, putting into use our many years’ experience in dealing with
- employers’ Human Resource departments
- medical providers and therapists
- long-term disability insurance companies,
we are able to help complete all the forms and avoid the “traps”. Our goal – helping you generate a flow of income to cover your everyday living costs.
FAQs: Group vs. Individual LTD Coverage in Ontario
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Group coverage is tied to your employer and ends when you leave your job. Individual coverage is portable and continues no matter where you work.
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